Cooking with Sloan: CASCA 2007
Pat Hall (York), Jordan Raddick, Ani Thakar (JHU)
Alex Szalay, Maria Nieto-Santisteban, Nolan Li,
Wil O’Mullane, Adrian Pope, Tamas Budavari, George Fekete,
Sam Carliles
JHU
Brian Yanny, Svetlana Lebedeva
FermiLab
Jim Gray
Microsoft Research

SDSS-I is now SDSS-II, with 3 subsurveys:
Legacy
Continuation of SDSS-I (completion of 8500 sq.deg.)
Completeness is same as for SDSS-I
Flux limits are the same
Target all galaxies with r_petro < 17.77, plus LRGs, quasars, …
SEGUE
Sparse-sampled 3-d map of the Galaxy
Spectra of 240,000 stars in the disk and spheroid
Age, composition and phase space distribution
CAS component cataloged in SegueDRx DB
Supernova Survey
Repeated scans of SDSS Southern Stripe over 3 months/yr
Data not available in CAS yet, will be on DAS soon

SDSS Data Overview
Data Archive Server (DAS)
FITS files (raw data)
Images, spectra, corrected frames, atlas images, binned images, masks
Online form-based access
Rsync and wget file retrieval

CAS Datasets (databases)
BestDRx (DR5 now, DR6 later this summer)
Latest, greatest calibration of the data
Photometric and spectroscopic objects
The default and most accessed (by far) dataset
TargDRx
The calibration from which spectroscopic targets were chosen
RUNS
All the runs (processings) other than Best, Target
SegueDRx
New with DR6 (SDSS-II)

Data Access
http://www.sdss.org
Click on `Data Products’ – has someone already done your work for you?
If not, click on ‘Data Access’ for links to both CAS and DAS: http://www.sdss.org/dr5/access/
Or CAS SkyServer: http://cas.sdss.org/astro/
Search Tools
Advanced Tools, including visual tools & CasJobs
Help and Tutorials

CAS Data Access
SkyServer
Web browser is all you need
Meant to support several levels of users: http://cas.sdss.org/astro/ | http://skyserver.sdss.org/
Visual tools to browse image and catalog data
Command-line application programming interfaces: emacs, sqlcl …also see http://cas.sdss.org/astro/en/help/docs/api.asp
Strict limits on execution time and output size … always test-drive your query (‘quick’ or ‘top 100’)!

Navigating SkyServer
Major sections linked from main page
http://cas.sdss.org/astro/

Cooking with Sloan website tutorials
http://cas.sdss.org/astro/en/help/cooking/
How do I get an image, spectrum, and other info for my favorite object in the SDSS area? http://cas.sdss.org/astro/en/help/cooking/general/getimage.asp
Are the SDSS data for a given object reliable?
   Consult the object’s flags to find out. http://cas.sdss.org/astro/en/help/cooking/general/flags.asp

Searching for data meeting certain criteria
Search for data that meets certain criteria
Return matching data, and only matching data
Example: search for galaxies
with spectra in Abell 168
RA = 18.84, Dec = 0.26,
radius = 3 arcmin
Limit to galaxies g < 18
Return RA, Dec,
magnitudes, redshift

Query with Imaging Constraints
http://cas.sdss.org/astro/en/tools/search/IQS.asp
Tools ->
Imaging
Query
Constraints
by position
or imaging
Get data as
HTML or
CSV
For actual images, save as CSV & upload to DAS retrieval form

SQL
SQL – computer language for searching databases
Advantages
You get longer queries and more results returned
You can write more complex queries
You can use command-line tools

SQL Concepts
Data are stored in a database
Similar data types are stored in tables: photoObj (photometry), specObj (spectroscopy), etc.
A request to a database to return data is called a query
Queries usually request data that meets certain constraints

SQL as a foreign language
Languages have grammar and vocabulary
Dutch grammar
In sub-clause, verb goes at the end
English:
I think that astronomy is fun.
Dutch:
Ik denk dat het sterrenkunde leuk is.

SQL Grammar
Select – choose which columns of data you want to see
From – choose the table(s) from which you want to retrieve data
Where – set constraints on the search

SQL vocabulary
Go to Help -> Schema Browser
http://cas.sdss.org/astro/en/help/browser/browser.asp

Learning SQL
Go to Help -> Sample SQL Queries
Go to Search Tools -> SQL Search
Copy, paste, modify

Visual search results
http://cas.sdss.org/dr5/en/tools/chart/list.asp
Go to
Advanced
Tools ->
Image List
‘Use query
to fill form’
Query
must have:
select
x, ra, dec
    from …
    [where …]

CasJobs
Go to Search Tools -> CasJobs
Best method for long or complex queries

CasJobs
Register
and log in
Quick
mode: 1
minute
Submit:
24 hours
Results
stored in
MyDB

CasJobs: other features
MyDB database to save results of your queries
Define your own functions, procedures too
Share your tables with collaborators (groups)
History of
Output data as FITS/CSV/VOTable
Plot data in browser
Table Import (upload) for your own data
Groups to share your results with collaborators
Command-line access Java tool also downloadable

CasJobs help
Shares SQL Intro, Schema Browser with SkyServer
Has its own FAQ page
Lists differences between CasJobs and SkyServer due to distributed query execution
Advanced CasJobs Queries page
Neighbor searches with fixed and variable search radii
Cursors
Compound queries

CAS Dos and Don’ts
Do not submit a query unless you have some idea how long it will take!
It could tie up the server for hours (even days)!
Use “select count(*)” or “select top 10” instead
Or try “quick” first, to see if it can be done quickly
Do use predefined views for commonly-used objects and parameters
PhotoObj, PhotoPrimary for photometry
PhotoTag if you only need popular fields
SpecObj for spectra

SkyServer help
Schema
Browser
FAQ
Glossary – of
SDSS terms
Algorithms
Helpdesk
(use contact link,
not direct e-mail)

Educational Resources
Extensive education content in SkyServer
Use Projects link on the menu at the top
K-12 and college level student exercises and teacher resources
Go to public site – http://cas.sdss.org
Go to Projects
Great as labs for intro classes

I want specific objects
When you want to browse images, or when you know a position…
ToolsŽVisual ToolsŽ
Find images and data: Navigate
Browse objects one at a time: Explore
Find objects on a frame, compare your own observations: Finding Chart
View multiple objects or thumbnail search results: Image List

I want a class of objects
When you don’t know specific objects…
ToolsŽSearchŽ
Find objects in a patch of sky: Radial or Rectangular
Simple search for imaging data: Imaging Query Form
Simple search for spectral data: Spectro Query form
More sophisticated searches: SQL
Long, complex queries: CasJobs

What does SDSS know about my objects?
When you have a list of objects, and you want to see what SDSS knows about them…
ToolsŽObject CrossidŽ
Imaging crossid: Upload
Spectro crossid: SpecList

References & Tutorials
When in doubt, consult website or publications:
http://www.sdss.org/publications/#technical
http://www.sdss.org/publications/#data%20release … especially EDR paper (Stoughton et al)
The SDSS can function as a data pipeline, but not as a science pipeline.  You will have to decide what magnitudes are best for your science, what flag values to use to accept or reject objects, etc.
Try the queries on the next few pages, or at http://cas.sdss.org/astro/en/help/cooking/