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Election special: York and Campaign '06
York experts have been commenting on the election, and some grads are running. Here are selections from a week of media reports:
Election at 'tipping point'
When major Canadian newspapers wanted some perspective on the latest barrage of election ads, they turned to Fred Fletcher, a specialist in political advertising and director of York ’s Communications & Culture graduate program. "The election's at a tipping point," Fletcher told The Toronto Sun in a Jan. 11 story. "The Conservatives might have the capacity to pick up some seats in Toronto if they clear 40 per cent in the polls." The Tories have been targeting a few ridings with their spending and they are doing some spending on advertising in languages other than English, Fletcher said. But he hasn't seen a full court press on TO by the Tories. "Harper has made some appearances here, but there doesn't seem to be an urban strategy," he said.
The new Liberal ads are aimed at undoing the softer image Conservative leader Stephen Harper has been presenting, he told The Ottawa Citizen in a Jan. 11 story . "There are two images of Harper out there," he said. "There's the old one from the 2004 campaign and the new one. The Liberals are trying to bring the old one back into focus and into people's minds. It's a wedge strategy. They've written off people who are self-defined as socially conservative, they've written off all the gun collectors, they've written off between 10 and 20 per cent of the Canadian population who are pro-George W. Bush. They are targeting the left-wing urban swing vote and hoping to attract NDP and the soft Conservative voters – people who want to throw the Liberals out but who don't want the Conservatives in." The Liberal spots aren’t attack ads: "They're not about family relationships or personal idiosyncrasies, they are about action and ideas," he said. "These ads are no different than the Conservatives' 'entitlements commercial' with the David Dingwall quote. ['I am entitled to my entitlements.']"
Two York grads vie for Danforth riding
Two local candidates are exciting particular interest, both politically and personally, in the riding of Toronto-Danforth, reported the Toronto Star Jan. 12. Politically, NDP incumbent Jack Layton (right) (MA ’71, PhD ’83) draws attention as a party leader desperate not to get squeezed between the Liberals and Conservatives. Personally, he creates excitement as one half of an attractive power couple, with Olivia Chow, both running for the same party, she in Trinity-Spadina.
Liberal contender Deborah Coyne (left) (LLB ’79) holds the distinction of having had a daughter 14 years ago with Pierre Trudeau. She is a graduate of York ’s Osgoode Hall Law School and of Oxford University in England , and for seven years served as a commissioner of the Immigration and Refugee Review Board, helping to decide who is accepted or rejected as a refugee claimant.
Poverty and tax cuts are election issues
York professors have weighed in on tax cuts and poverty, two major issues in the federal election:
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Dennis Raphael (right), a professor in York ’s School of Health Policy & Management, wrote a Toronto Star op-ed piece Jan. 12. "Despite the House of Commons unanimously passing an all-party resolution on Nov. 24, 1989 to achieve the goal of eliminating poverty among Canadian children by the year 2000, Canada 's child poverty rate continues to be among the highest in the developed world," he began. "The appreciation of the importance of poverty by public health professionals and civil servants at Health Canada is present. So why," he asked, "is nothing being done?" Raphael reported that in 14 developed countries between 1946 and 1990, the best predictor of low child poverty rates was a high proportion of left party members in cabinet, or "left cabinet share". Even in Canada, the influence of the NDP on minority governments had led to "most of the progressive changes such as medicare and public pensions." He concluded: "The electoral implications of these findings are clear."
- Neil Brooks (left), a professor at York’s Osgoode Hall Law School, was cited by the Ottawa Citizen’s Susan Riley, in her Jan. 12 column (also in the Edmonton Journal) comparing election tax-cut promises. A longtime advocate of tax fairness, Brooks explained that Canada has a flat tax regime overall: Most Canadians pay between 30 and 35 per cent of their income in tax whether they earn $10,000, $100,000 or $1 million annually.
Martin doing ‘best he can’
York politics Professor Fred Fletcher says Prime Minister Paul Martin had his work cut out for him from the start, reported The Toronto Sun Jan. 12 in a story about voters embarrassed to admit they vote Liberal. "The government is always under attack – especially after 12 years in power – so they would likely be in trouble anyway," Fletcher said. "Martin is playing his hand the best he can."
PM's Charter promise easier said than done
Canada's leading constitutional scholar, Peter Hogg, was joined by a number of experts in saying the Martin government could not make a major change to the Constitution simply by passing a law through Parliament, reported The Globe and Mail Jan. 11. He was referring to Liberal Leader Paul Martin’s pledge during Monday night's English-language debate to remove Parliament's ability to override Supreme Court rulings that favour people like gays and lesbians, immigrants and minority linguistic groups. Hogg said Ottawa would also need the support of seven provinces representing half the population to amend the Constitution to prevent Parliament from invoking the notwithstanding clause in the Charter of Rights and Freedoms."There isn't any escape from that," said Hogg, professor emeritus and former dean at York ’s Osgoode Hall Law School .
Hogg said he disagrees with the Liberal proposal, which he feels would leave too much power in the hands of judges. "If the courts are always supreme over the legislature, there is going to be a tendency to want to pack the courts with your supporters," Hogg said.
Osgoode Dean Patrick Monahan said the constitutional amendment could be done through a simple statute adopted by the House and the Senate, as stated in Section 44 of the Constitution Act. However, he said such an amendment could be changed as quickly by another government, once again under Section 44. Monahan also told The Ottawa Citizen Martin could eliminate the notwithstanding clause "rather easily" because his proposal deals only with the action of Parliament. "No prime minister of Canada has ever used the notwithstanding clause, so I don't think it would be a big step to say we're now going to permanently abandon the possibility of using the notwithstanding clause in the future," said Monahan, who advised the federal government on the issue.
‘Nothing criminogenic’ about drug trafficking
Alan Young, a professor at York’s Osgoode Hall Law School, said linking gun crime to drug use and trafficking is a valid but "very simplistic" view of the problem, reported The Globe and Mail Jan. 12 in response to religious leaders’ appeal to candidates to drop any plans to decriminalize pot. "There is nothing inherently criminogenic or violent about drug trafficking," he said. "It is the prohibition of [drug trade] that creates violence."
The year the right turned pink
"There is a profound change occurring with voters across many jurisdictions," says Daniel Drache , a political scientist at York who has analyzed what he sees as a worldwide shift in the global political centre for a forthcoming book, wrote Doug Saunders in a Jan. 7 Globe and Mail column. "The centre is moving left," he says, but not in the old sense – that is, voters are not simply aligning themselves with left-wing parties. Centrist voters, he says, have become much more activist and mercurial. "The left has to win the centre to its values and agenda." Drache analyzed the 22 elections that have occurred in 11 wealthy nations since 1996. He divided parties into "market" parties – those that devoted their major pledges to cutting taxes and regulations and boosting the private sector – and "public" parties – those that mostly promised to increase social spending, rein in business and boost the public sector. In only three of those elections (Brazil in 1998, Spain in 2000, and the United States in 2004) did the "market" parties attract more votes than the "public" parties.
And in other news...
Osgoode best law school in Canada
According to Canadian Lawyers magazine's 2006 survey of about 10 per cent of the 5,000 law students who graduated in the past five years, York's Osgoode Hall Law School ranks as the country's best law school, reported The Globe and Mail Jan. 11. Second place went to the University of Toronto and third place to University of Victoria .
Rwandan hero speaks out at York
The same international pressure that helped end apartheid can also be used to prevent the large-scale atrocities occurring in Africa today, says the man made famous by the movie Hotel Rwanda, reported the Toronto Star Jan. 11. Paul Rusesabagina (right) , whose heroic efforts saved the lives of 1,200 refugees when Hutu extremists began slaughtering minority Tutsis and moderate Hutus in his country in 1994, urged Canadians Tuesday to lobby political leaders, write petitions and demonstrate on the streets. Speaking to about 300 York University students Tuesday, Rusesabagina said the voices of innocents in places like the Darfur region of Sudan and the Congo , where countless people have been butchered and displaced, are calling for help.
Earlier, Rusesabagina told the National Post Jan. 9 he is merely "an ordinary man", and that is the message he intended to broadcast as he made his way across Canada on the four-date speaking tour that began in Vancouver and would include York University. "I believe I lived for one reason only, and that is to be a messenger. I lived to tell people about what happened," said the former hotel manager who found himself in the unexpected role of saviour, mentor and morale booster to many hundreds of Rwandans who turned to the Hotel Milles Collines in Kigali to escape massacre in 1994.
MBA students rank high in competitions
MBA students from York ’s Schulich School of Business...
- ...came third among 15 Canadian universities gathered in Windsor last weekend for the 2006 MBA Games, reported the Windsor Star Jan. 9. Besides competing in the traditional business competitions – debates, marketing and case studies – they took part in athletics such as frisbee and soccer. But the most unusual, and just as difficult, event was the "mystery challenge" – building the tallest towers and other structures out of Lego.
- ...rank second in the Financial Post's MBA portfolio management competition now at the halfway point in the six-month contest, reported the National Post Jan. 9. The competition began in October, when nine MBA schools across Canada accepted a challenge: each team was given $1 million in pretend money to invest on behalf of a hypothetical investor the Post calls Mr. Oldmoney. The team that generates the best risk-adjusted return by the end of March wins. The York team has generated $1,069,502, or 6.95 per cent return, second only to University of Toronto ’s Rotman School of Business.
Figure skater adjusts to new judging system
A new system of judging figure skating that places more emphasis on artistry suits Tyler Cochrane just fine, reported TheKingston Whig-Standard Jan. 10. "I like it," said Cochrane, 21. The Glenburnie skater – and second-year York kinesiology student – began competition at the national senior men's championship in Ottawa . "It made me have to improve everything rather than only having to focus on the jumps."Cochrane was to go into the qualifying round with essentially the same long program as the one he skated last year, when he rose one spot in the final round of competition to finish 17th. This was Cochrane's eighth national championship.
Jazz guitarist happy to be outside mainstream
"I like to be an outsider," says Tim Posgate. "And I always want to be challenged, to find different ways of expressing my music," he told the Toronto Star in a Jan. 12 "What’s On" item. Posgate is a guitarist. In his busy pro career since 1989, after graduating with a bachelor of fine arts in jazz performance from York where his teachers included guitarist Lorne Lofsky, saxophonist David Mott and pianist Bill Westcott, he's had a number of bands that mostly steer outside the mainstream.
Coach calls new hoop fee a 'cash grab'
York coach Bob Bain believes Canada Basketball sees a cash grab in the mandatory $20 registration fees it is going to require for all players under new rules, reported the Toronto Star Jan. 11. "Their arrogant approach is a slap in the face to people who have devoted their lives to the development of young players, " said Bain. "We have far more March Madness and NCAA interest than the international stuff."
Internet creates challenge for TV
The unrelenting migration of teens from traditional television to the Internet creates challenges for companies that see young people – with their high levels of disposable income and slavish trend-worshipping – as a prized, though difficult to reach, demographic, reported The Globe and Mail Jan. 7. "Teenagers' bedrooms increasingly look like aircraft cockpits, with computers, cellphones, MP3 players, video game consoles and televisions – all of which allow them to aggressively multitask," said Alan Middleton, a marketing professor at York University 's Schulich School of Business and a former advertising executive. "In order to catch their interests, either as an advertiser or a programmer, you've got to work a lot harder because they literally have the attention span of a flea because they're doing five other things at the same time," he said.
Prof publishes new Scarborough magazine
A new quarterly magazine, 54 East, which launched in December, celebrates some of Toronto's overlooked neighbourhoods – the ones you can see out the windows of the 54 Lawrence East bus, which trundles from Yonge Street to Pickering, much of it through oft-maligned Scarborough, reported The Globe and Mail Jan. 7. Rafael Gomez, a professor of economics at York ’s Glendon College and the magazine's publisher, says Toronto 's inner suburbs have been "undervalued and underappreciated." A pedestrian-unfriendly road like Lawrence certainly has drawbacks: It's windswept and difficult to cross, and the bus can take its sweet time arriving in the dead of winter – but Gomez says the power of suggestion can go a long way. "It's hard to change your environment physically," he says. "But you can change your perception of a neighbourhood."
Canada's great contemporary poet laid to rest
Irving Layton – one of Canada's greatest and most prolific contemporary poets – was celebrated at his Montreal funeral for his flamboyant creativity, bold verses and unflinching promotion of Canadian letters – and of himself, reported CanWest News Service Jan. 9. Toronto poet Peter van Toon recalled spending a week at Layton's home in Toronto when Layton taught creative writing at York University. "As I was leaving he said to me: 'Peter, you're the most gentlemanly poet I have ever met. You borrow money, you pay it back. You didn't try and sleep with my wife and you didn't try to use my influence to get published.' I knew right away I had failed the poetry test."
- Samantha Bernstein, Layton 's 24-year-old daughter, read a poem she wrote three years ago, reported the Toronto Star. Titled "Layton, Irving," it described how she came to know her father through an encyclopedia entry. "There you were, between laxative and Lazarus," she read, eliciting laughter. Bernstein is studying creative writing at York.
- In The Globe and Mail Jan. 9, Jack Chambersof the University of Toronto remembered an obscenity trial in the early 1970s at which Layton was examined as a star witness. " Layton took the stand with bravura, and put on a vintage display. He quickly grew bored with answering the lawyers' questions and launched into an oracular and visionary declaration on the literary merits of the pulp fiction seized from the shelves of the store. Some of the novels, he said, should be in the university library, and he intended to make sure they were. ‘The four-letter word has come into its own, he said. In 1945, the reviewers fell on me for exploiting sex, but the public has caught up with me and Joyce and Faulkner.
Playing the naming game
Toronto is in the midst of an incredible building boom in health care, the arts and the university sector. These huge infrastructure projects offer once-in-a-lifetime opportunities for benefactors to leave their mark on the city and the country, reported the National Post Jan. 7. "There are more and more wealthy people in this country all the time," says gold-mining mogul Seymour Schulich, one of the country's biggest philanthropists. "If they want to leave a legacy, they'd better get out and get themselves a faculty while they're still available because pretty soon they won't be." Off the top of his head, Schulich can't even remember how many institutions bear his name. He's got everything from a cardiac unit to libraries. But the four university schools he endows are his babies. (They are: the Schulich School of Business at York, the Schulich School of Engineering at the University of Calgary, the Schulich School of Medicine at the University of Western Ontario and, most recently, the Schulich School of Music at McGill University.)
He says that early in his career, it struck him that most businessmen are completely forgotten a few years after their death. He sees his charitable works as a way to ensure his name will live on. "Why education?" he muses. "What I'm trying to do is find things that are likely to last a couple of hundred years." But, like most donors, he is also motivated by the desire to repay a debt. "I've done OK in Ontario ," he says, "and I never would have got where I am without my MBA."
Knights of Labour changed the lives of Canadian workers
Noted labour historian and author Craig Heron, a professor in York ’s Faculty of Arts, will highlight Hamilton 's remarkable labour history, starting with the Knights of Labour, at a heritage dinner in February, reported the Hamilton Spectator Jan. 9. The Knights of Labour would all but disappear by the 1890s, but they precipitated significant change. They organized unskilled workers as well as blacks and women for the first time. They pressured the provincial government to introduce its first, rudimentary workers compensation and workplace safety legislation. The "sense of the nobility and the respectability of workers who could march on their own through the city streets was something very new. It was something like that era's equivalent of women's liberation or the civil rights or gay rights movements."
Should jurors have final word?
A drug-trafficking conviction handed to Alberta medicinal-marijuana activist Grant Krieger comes under the scrutiny of the Supreme Court of Canada Thursday. But Krieger's appeal is likely to shed more light on legal issues concerning judges' instructions to juries than it will on the merits of the healing powers of cannabis, suggested The Globe and Mail Jan. 11. A key issue that will go before the Supreme Court judges is a concept known as "jury nullification." That happens when a jury disagrees with a law it finds offensive and refuses to render a judgment that follows that law.
It's a thorny topic, however, and the Supreme Court has previously taken "a kind of nudge-nudge, wink-wink approach to it," said Alan Young, a professor at York ’s Osgoode Hall Law School . "It's important that a judge doesn't have the power to tell a jury 'you can't do this,' " Young said. "It's an important power in [a jury's] back pocket in these morally controversial areas."
A digital-age writer explores typewriting
In The Iron Whim, Darren Wershler-Henry argues that the typewriter defines not only how we write, but also what we write, who does the writing and how we look upon writing itself, suggested a Calgary Herald review Jan. 7. Despite the fact that typewriters have become an antiquated form of communication, replaced by personal computers, they are still icons of the writing life, part of the romantic sepia-toned image of the struggling author ensconced at his desk, surrounded by gray smoke, discarded drafts and frustration. The typewriter, however, is just as clearly associated with typing pools, secretarial positions and even speed-typing competitions. Writing The Iron Whim, which is based on his doctoral dissertation at York University , enabled Wershler-Henry to understand how nostalgia "looks back on the way that we no longer write and says that it was the correct way."
York one of few schools to recognize ASL
American Sign Language is starting to receive recognition at the postsecondary level here in Canada , but it hasn't translated to high schools yet, reported The Toronto Sun Jan. 9. York , University of British Columbia and University of Alberta , as well as George Brown College , recognize ASL as a foreign language.
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