{VERSION 4 0 "IBM INTEL NT" "4.0" } {USTYLETAB {CSTYLE "Maple Input" -1 0 "Courier" 0 1 255 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 }{CSTYLE "" -1 256 "" 1 16 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 } {CSTYLE "" -1 257 "" 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 }{CSTYLE "" -1 258 "" 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 }{CSTYLE "" -1 259 "" 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 }{CSTYLE "" -1 260 "" 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 }{CSTYLE "" -1 261 "" 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 } {CSTYLE "" -1 262 "" 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 }{CSTYLE "" -1 263 "" 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 }{CSTYLE "" -1 264 "" 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 }{PSTYLE "Normal" -1 0 1 {CSTYLE "" -1 -1 "Tim es" 1 12 0 0 0 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 }1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 2 2 0 1 } {PSTYLE "Normal" -1 256 1 {CSTYLE "" -1 -1 "Times" 1 12 0 0 0 1 2 1 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 }1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 2 2 0 1 }} {SECT 0 {EXCHG {PARA 256 "" 0 "" {TEXT 256 17 "Foucault Pendulum" }} {PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 0 "" }}{PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 53 "We progra m equations (6.80) from Knudsen and Hjorth (" }{TEXT 264 31 "Elements \+ of Newtonian Mechanics" }{TEXT -1 84 ", Springer 2001, 3rd ed.) in ord er to display the motion of the pendulum (at Paris)." }}{PARA 0 "" 0 " " {TEXT -1 0 "" }}{PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 282 "The equations were der ived under certain simplifying assumptions. It would be interesting to append a solution of the full equations in order to demonstrate that \+ the approximations were justified, and also in order to have equations which are also valid for higher rotations speeds." }}{PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 0 "" }}{PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 50 "The latitude at Paris cor responds to sin(phi)=0.75" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 8 "restart;" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 8 "sf:=3/4;" }}} {EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 49 "DE1:=diff(x(t),t$2)+g/L*x(t) =2*w*sf*diff(y(t),t);" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 50 "DE 2:=diff(y(t),t$2)+g/L*y(t)=-2*w*sf*diff(x(t),t);" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 " " 0 "" {TEXT -1 5 "Here " }{TEXT 257 1 "w" }{TEXT -1 37 " is the rotat ion speed of the Earth, " }{TEXT 259 1 "L" }{TEXT -1 33 " is the pendu lum arm length, and " }{TEXT 258 1 "g" }{TEXT -1 35 " is the gravitati onal acceleration." }}{PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 0 "" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 47 "w:=evalf(2*Pi/(24*60*60)); # in inverse sec onds" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 17 "L:=69; #69 meters" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 7 "g:=9.8;" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 60 "We pick some initial conditions: an initial dis placement in " }{TEXT 261 1 "x" }{TEXT -1 16 ", we are on the " } {TEXT 260 1 "y" }{TEXT -1 54 "-axis, and the pendulum bob starts with \+ zero velocity." }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 41 "IC:=x(0)= L/10,D(x)(0)=0,y(0)=0,D(y)(0)=0;" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 38 "sol:=dsolve(\{DE1,DE2,IC\},\{x(t),y(t)\});" }}} {EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 12 "assign(sol);" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 65 "We have a simple analytic solution for th e two coupled equations!" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 19 "evalf([x(t),y(t)]);" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 88 "We can pl ot the two components side-by-side after one half hour for about three minutes:" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 60 "plot([x(t),y(t )],t=1800..2000,color=[red,blue],thickness=3);" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "" 0 "" {TEXT -1 27 "The initially non-existent " }{TEXT 263 1 "y" } {TEXT -1 48 "-component has picked up over 10 percent of the " }{TEXT 262 1 "x" }{TEXT -1 124 "-amplitude. Let us graph the actual trajector y at the very beginning emphasizing the beginning of the rotation (pre cession):" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 38 "plot([x(t),y(t ),t=0..25],thickness=3);" }}}{EXCHG {PARA 0 "> " 0 "" {MPLTEXT 1 0 0 " " }}}}{MARK "0 0 0" 17 }{VIEWOPTS 1 1 0 1 1 1803 1 1 1 1 } {PAGENUMBERS 0 1 2 33 1 1 }