{"id":21918,"date":"2013-07-31T12:59:02","date_gmt":"2013-07-31T16:59:02","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.iposgoode.ca\/?p=21918"},"modified":"2013-07-31T12:59:02","modified_gmt":"2013-07-31T16:59:02","slug":"yahoo-wins-twice-at-the-us-foreign-intelligence-surveillance-court","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/osgoode\/iposgoode\/2013\/07\/31\/yahoo-wins-twice-at-the-us-foreign-intelligence-surveillance-court\/","title":{"rendered":"Yahoo! Wins Twice At the US Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>On July 15<sup>th<\/sup>, 2013, Judge Walton of the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.fjc.gov\/history\/home.nsf\/page\/courts_special_fisc.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">US Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court<\/a> (\u201cFISC\u201d) granted a <a href=\"http:\/\/www.uscourts.gov\/uscourts\/courts\/fisc\/105b-g-07-01-motion-130614.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">motion put forward by Yahoo on June 14<sup>th<\/sup><\/a>, which called for the release of more details about the government\u2019s push in a 2008 case to obtain user data under the <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.justice.gov\/archive\/ll\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Protect America Act<\/a><\/em>. <!--more--><br class=\"none\" \/><br class=\"none\" \/><br class=\"none\" \/>Yahoo argued that the \u201c[r]elease of this court\u2019s decision and the parties\u2019 briefing is necessary to inform the growing public debate about how this court considers and examines the government\u2019s use of directives.\u201d\u00a0 It added, \u201c[d]isclosure of the directives and the briefs in this case would also allow Yahoo to demonstrate that it objected strenuously to the directives that are now the subject of the debate, and objected at every stage of the proceedings, but that these objections were overruled and its request for stay was denied.\u201d<br class=\"none\" \/><br class=\"none\" \/><\/p>\n<p>The <em>Protect America Act<\/em> allowed the government to obtain data on foreign intelligence targets without a warrant. After its expiration in February 2008, it was replaced by the <em><a href=\"http:\/\/thomas.loc.gov\/cgi-bin\/bdquery\/z?d110:H.R.6304:\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Foreign Intelligence Survaillance Amendments Act<\/a><\/em> (\u201cFISA\u201d). FISA gives the FISC authority to order Internet companies to reveal user data but forbids publication with respect to whether the FISC has issued such an order. FISA was cited by the US government as the legal authority for seizing data from service providers under the PRISM program.<br class=\"none\" \/><br class=\"none\" \/><\/p>\n<p>The recent <a href=\"http:\/\/www.uscourts.gov\/uscourts\/courts\/fisc\/105b-g-07-01-rbw-signed-order-130715.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">FISC order<\/a> directs the government to report to the court by July 29<sup>th<\/sup>, 2013 and provides for redaction of information that the government considers sensitive to national security. More specifically, Judge Walton states, <i>inter alia<\/i>, that \u201c[t]he Government shall conduct a declassification review of this Court\u2019s Memorandum Opinion of [Yahoo\u2019s case] and the legal briefs submitted by the parties to this Court in this matter. After such review, the Court anticipates publishing that Memorandum Opinion in a form that redacts any properly classified information.\u201d\u00a0 Judge\u00a0 Walton also added that \u201cpriority should be given\u201d to the review of the opinion.<br class=\"none\" \/><br class=\"none\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Yahoo began its push to unseal the court proceedings soon after Edward Snowden leaked classified documents in June that provided details regarding the alleged involvement of nine major Internet companies, including Yahoo, in the NSA\u2019s PRISM Internet surveillance program. Yahoo filed its motion seeking to clear its name.<br class=\"none\" \/><br class=\"none\" \/><\/p>\n<p>The US government\u2019s secret surveillance programs have caused intense debates around the world. In the US, in particular, recently, civil liberties groups <a href=\"http:\/\/www.aclu.org\/files\/assets\/fisc_gag_order_amicus.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">filed an <i>amicus curiae<\/i> brief<\/a> before the FISC expressing their support to technology companies like Google and Microsoft that attempt to publish information as to the frequency of requests for user information for national security reasons made by the US government by invoking federal law. Those developments have also bolstered constitutional discussions as to the US government\u2019s constitutional reasoning for using surveillance plans. Some legal scholars and practitioners have argued that such policies violate users\u2019 Fourth Amendment rights against unreasonable searches and seizures. Most recently, the <a href=\"http:\/\/epic.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Electronic Privacy Information Center<\/a> (\u201cEPIC\u201d) <a href=\"http:\/\/sblog.s3.amazonaws.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/07\/EPIC-FISC-Mandamus-Petition1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">filed an emergency petition<\/a> with the US Supreme Court challenging the NSA\u2019s phone record surveillance program.<br class=\"none\" \/><br class=\"none\" \/><\/p>\n<p>The reality in Canada, however, is somewhat different. Indeed, in Canada, we do have a secret court, the judges of which are\u00a0 designated under the <em><a href=\"http:\/\/laws-lois.justice.gc.ca\/eng\/acts\/C-23\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Canadian Security Intelligence Service Act<\/a><\/em>. The court deals with sensitive national security issues and other activities of the like. We also have <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cse-cst.gc.ca\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Communications Security Establishment Canada<\/a> (the Canadian equivalent of the NSA in the US) and the <em>Canada Patriot Act<\/em> is incorporated into the <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.justice.gc.ca\/eng\/cj-jp\/antiter\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Anti-Terrorism Act<\/a><\/em>.<br class=\"none\" \/><br class=\"none\" \/><\/p>\n<p>What we also have, however, is a certain level of transparency in how these procedures are followed - this is a very state of affairs when compared to the operation of the FISC in the US. Canadian privacy lawyer David Fraser has recently <a href=\"http:\/\/blog.privacylawyer.ca\/2013\/07\/canadian-secret-national-security-court.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">posted on his own blog three examples of published decisions<\/a> where <i>amici curiae<\/i> have assisted the secret court\u00a0 by arguing positions in opposition to the Canadian government\u2019s requests.<br class=\"none\" \/><br class=\"none\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Yahoo\u2019s victory is seen as a major one paving the way for increased transparency when decisions have a significant impact on peoples\u2019 civil rights even if sensitive national security issues are involved. The road, however, is still long and it will take more than an incidental judicial decision like this one to achieve sufficient transparency. One thing is certain, Yahoo not only won a legal battle but also many more clients.<br class=\"none\" \/><br class=\"none\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em>Georgios Andriotis is an IPilogue Editor and a law student at Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al.<br \/>\n<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>On July 15th, 2013, Judge Walton of the US Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Court (\u201cFISC\u201d) granted a motion put forward by Yahoo on June 14th, which called for the release of more details about the government\u2019s push in a 2008 case to obtain user data under the Protect America Act.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2140,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[225,110,143],"tags":[2181,1797,298,2182,58,560],"class_list":["post-21918","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-human-rights-issues","category-privacy","category-us","tag-fisc","tag-georgios-andriotis","tag-privacy","tag-protect-america","tag-us","tag-yahoo"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Yahoo! 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