Baier (2007)

SCC Narrowly Rules Mid-Election Changes to Toronto City Council were Charter-Compliant

Three months into the 2018 Toronto City Council election, a newly elected provincial government passed the Better Local Government Act, 2018, SO 2018, c 11 [Act], slashing the number of municipal wards from 47 to 25. “For the remaining campaign period,” writes Justice Abella, dissenting in Toronto (City) v Ontario (Attorney General), 2021 SCC 34 […]

Baier: Restraints on meaning of ‘expression’?

As a student in a first-year Constitutional Law class, we learn that there is typically a low threshold for what constitutes "expression" in s. 2(b) Charter jurisprudence. In a case for infringement of freedom of expression, we learn that typically getting recognition of a behaviour as "expression" is the easier part, and that convincing a […]