{"id":31833,"date":"2011-01-05T05:00:00","date_gmt":"2011-01-05T10:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/researchdev\/2011\/01\/05\/centre-for-vision-research-study-pinpoints-part-of-brain-that-suppresses-automatic-responses-2\/"},"modified":"2011-01-05T05:00:00","modified_gmt":"2011-01-05T10:00:00","slug":"centre-for-vision-research-study-pinpoints-part-of-brain-that-suppresses-automatic-responses-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/research\/2011\/01\/05\/centre-for-vision-research-study-pinpoints-part-of-brain-that-suppresses-automatic-responses-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Centre for Vision Research study pinpoints part of brain that suppresses automatic responses"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Research from York University is revealing which regions in the brain \u201cfire up\u201d when we suppress an automatic behaviour, such as the urge to look at other people as we enter an elevator.<\/p>\n<p>A York study, published recently in the journal <em><a href=\"http:\/\/www.frontiersin.org\/Human_Neuroscience\/10.3389\/fnhum.2010.00234\/abstract\">Frontiers in Human Neuroscience<\/a><\/em>, used fMRI (functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging) to track brain activity when study participants looked at an image of a facial expression with a word superimposed on it. Study participants processed the words faster than the facial expressions. However, when the word did not match the image \u2013 for example, when the word \u201csad\u201d was superimposed on an image of someone smiling \u2212 participants reacted less quickly to a request to read the word.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThe emotion in the word doesn\u2019t match the emotion in the facial expression, which creates a conflict,\u201d said psychology Professor <a title=\"Joseph DeSouza research profile\" href=\"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/health\/people\/index.php?dept=&amp;mid=432667\">Joseph DeSouza<\/a> in York\u2019s <a title=\"Faculty of Health\" href=\"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/health\/index.html\">Faculty of Health<\/a>. \u201cOur study showed \u2212 for the first time \u2212 an increase in signal from the left inferior frontal cortex when the study participant was confronted by this conflict between the word and the image and asked to respond to directions that went against their automatic instincts.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Previous research on the prefrontal cortex has found this region to be implicated in higher order cognitive functions, including long-term planning, response suppression and response selection. This experiment, conducted by graduate student Shima Ovaysikia under DeSouza\u2019s supervision, allowed researchers to study inhibitory mechanisms for much more complex stimuli than have been studied in the past.<\/p>\n<p>The inferior frontal cortex is located near the front left temple. People who have problems with inhibition, including stroke or schizophrenia patients, may have damage to this inferior frontal cortex zone, says DeSouza. As a result, when they see something that is inconsistent \u2013 such as the image of a smiling face with the word \u201csad\u201d across it \u2013 they would be expected to take more time to react, because the part of their brains needed to process it has been damaged or destroyed.<\/p>\n<p>The research, conducted by York\u2019s <a href=\"http:\/\/www.cvr.yorku.ca\/home\/index.html\">Centre for Vision Research<\/a> with the use of fMRI technology at Queen\u2019s University, was partially funded by the Faculty of Health at York University, the <a title=\"NSERC website (English) \" href=\"http:\/\/www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca\/index_eng.asp\">Natural Sciences &amp; Engineering Research Council<\/a> and the <a title=\"RAY program\" href=\"http:\/\/sfs.yorku.ca\/employment\/ray\/index.htm\">Research at York<\/a> program. Future fMRI research at York will be conducted in a state-of-the-art neuroimaging laboratory at York\u2019s new <a href=\"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/research\/excellence\/ShermanHealthScienceResearchCentre.htm\">Sherman Health Science Research Centre<\/a>, which opened in September.<\/p>\n<p><em>Republished <\/em><em>courtesy of<\/em><em> <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\">YFile<\/a><em>\u2013 York University\u2019s daily e-bulletin<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Research from York University is revealing which regions in the brain \u201cfire up\u201d when we suppress an automatic behaviour, such as the urge to look at other people as we enter an elevator. A York study, published recently in the journal Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, used fMRI (functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging) to track brain activity [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":37,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[42,6197,6196,58,381,6212,39,102,41,373,6187],"tags":[364,246,2243,38,1264,1012,2252,235,237,1320,2386,544,2387,1381],"class_list":["post-31833","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-announcements","category-external-grants-grants-announcements","category-grants-announcements","category-health-research","category-innovation-in-the-world","category-internal-grants-grants-announcements","category-news","category-research-centres","category-students","category-vision","category-york-centre-for-vision-research-research-centres","tag-brain-research","tag-centre-for-vision-research-cvr","tag-facial-recognition","tag-faculty-of-health","tag-functional-magnetic-resonance-imaging-fmri","tag-graduate-students","tag-joseph-desouza","tag-natural-sciences-and-engineering-research-council-of-canada","tag-nserc","tag-research-at-york-ray","tag-schizophrenia","tag-sherman-health-science-research-centre","tag-shima-ovaysikia","tag-stroke"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Centre for Vision Research study pinpoints part of brain that suppresses automatic responses | Research &amp; Innovation<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"For immediate release: Centre for Vision Research study pinpoints part of brain that suppresses automatic responses. 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