{"id":287434,"date":"2021-05-06T16:35:05","date_gmt":"2021-05-06T16:35:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/yfiledev.uit.yorku.ca\/?p=287434"},"modified":"2025-04-03T11:10:45","modified_gmt":"2025-04-03T15:10:45","slug":"trailblazing-research-examines-virtual-characters-and-walking-style","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/2021\/05\/06\/trailblazing-research-examines-virtual-characters-and-walking-style\/","title":{"rendered":"Trailblazing research examines virtual characters and walking style"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>In 2019, then PhD candidate <strong>Anne Thaler<\/strong> secured a VISTA postdoctoral fellowship and joined Professor and Canada Research Chair <strong>Nikolaus Troje<\/strong>\u2019s BioMotionLab at York University and the Centre for Vision Research. She has a compelling research focus: She studies realistic virtual characters in virtual reality (VR) and related perception around these animated characters.<\/p>\n<p>With collaborators, including Troje and researchers from the Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems T\u00fcbingen (Germany), she recently wrote a short fascinating paper, \u201cAttractiveness and Confidence in Walking Style of Male and Female Virtual Characters,\u201d for the 2020 IEEE Virtual Reality Conference. Here, she investigated how perceived attractiveness and confidence relate to body shape and walking motion of these virtual characters.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"YouTube video player\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/rns_E8WVuIU\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>\u201cOur results indicate that attractiveness and confidence relate both to the shape and walking motion of animated characters,\u201d she says. \u201cThis finding has important implications for virtual character animation.\u201d<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_287456\" style=\"width: 188px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-287456\" class=\"size-full wp-image-287456\" src=\"https:\/\/yfile.news.yorku.ca\/files\/2021\/05\/Anne-EDITED.jpg\" alt=\"Anne Thaler\" width=\"178\" height=\"250\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-287456\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Anne Thaler<\/p><\/div>\n<div id=\"attachment_287457\" style=\"width: 188px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-287457\" class=\"size-full wp-image-287457\" src=\"https:\/\/yfile.news.yorku.ca\/files\/2021\/05\/NikoTrojeEDITED.jpg\" alt=\"Nikolaus Troje\" width=\"178\" height=\"250\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-287457\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Nikolaus Troje<\/p><\/div>\n<p>This is an exciting new area of research. Animated virtual characters are, or course, key components in many VR environments, from interactive computer games to training modules, and much progress has been made in developing 3D, life-like faces and body shapes over the last two decades.<\/p>\n<p>But there\u2019s not much research on biological and personality inferences made from the shape and motion of these virtual characters' bodies. This work fills an important void.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cHuman motion is rich in socially relevant information, such as a person\u2019s identity, health and biological sex. Humans are extremely sensitive to animate motion patterns and highly efficient in extracting\u00a0information encoded in these patterns,\u201d Thaler explains.<strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3><strong>Study participants looked at 100 walkers, and rated their attractiveness and confidence<\/strong><\/h3>\n<p>To undertake this research, Thaler and team generated virtual characters by reconstructing body shape and walking motion from optical motion capture data. Interestingly, they used the walking motions of 50 men and 50 women from the bmlRUB database \u2013 a database collected by the BioMotionLab. Each walker\u2019s body shape and walking motion was reconstructed using the MoSh algorithm developed by the collaborators at the Max Planck Institute in T\u00fcbingen.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_287458\" style=\"width: 865px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-287458\" class=\"size-full wp-image-287458\" src=\"https:\/\/yfile.news.yorku.ca\/files\/2021\/05\/Artwork_1.JPG.jpg\" alt=\"The researchers generated virtual characters by reconstructing body shape and walking motion from optical motion capture data using the MoSh algorithm\" width=\"855\" height=\"502\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/889\/2021\/05\/Artwork_1.JPG.jpg 855w, https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/889\/2021\/05\/Artwork_1.JPG-400x235.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 855px) 100vw, 855px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-287458\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">The researchers generated virtual characters by reconstructing body shape and walking motion from optical motion capture data using the MoSh algorithm<\/p><\/div>\n<p>These 100 characters (stimuli) were presented to the study participants in three different ways:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>As a 3D virtual character with each actor\u2019s shape and walking motion (Walking Meshes);<\/li>\n<li>As a walking stick figure with lines connecting 15 skeletal landmarks (Walking Stick Figures); and<\/li>\n<li>As a 3D virtual character in a static pose (Static Meshes).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<div id=\"attachment_287459\" style=\"width: 959px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-287459\" class=\"size-full wp-image-287459\" src=\"https:\/\/yfile.news.yorku.ca\/files\/2021\/05\/EDITED-Artwork_2.jpg\" alt=\"&lt;Caption&gt; Screenshots of the virtual scene showing the static and walking virtual characters generated using an algorithm, and the walking stick-figures for one woman and one man from the database\" width=\"949\" height=\"266\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/889\/2021\/05\/EDITED-Artwork_2.jpg 949w, https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/889\/2021\/05\/EDITED-Artwork_2-400x112.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 949px) 100vw, 949px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-287459\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Screenshots of the virtual scene showing the static and walking virtual characters generated using an algorithm, and the walking stick figures for one woman and one man from the database<\/p><\/div>\n<p>The \u2018walkers\u2019 were presented such that they walked directly towards the study participant from four meters away in the virtual environment. The static virtual characters were placed 3.5 metres in front of the participant and were displayed for the same duration as the walking motion of each actor.<\/p>\n<p>Next, the study participants rated how they perceived these characters on a six-point Likert scale. This is a kind of questionnaire that provides a series of answers that go from one extreme to another \u2013 from \u201cstrongly agree\u201d at one end to \u201cstrongly disagree\u201d at another end and less extreme choices in the middle. A Likert scale is particularly useful to researchers because it allows them to collect data that provides nuance and insight into participants\u2019 perception. This data is quantitative and can easily be analyzed statistically.<\/p>\n<p>In the first experiment, 40 study participants (20 female, 20 male) rated the attractiveness of the 100 characters from \u20181\u2019 \u2013 not attractive, to \u20196\u2019 \u2013 very attractive. In the second experiment, another 36 participants (18 female, 18 male) rated the characters\u2019 confidence from \u20181\u2019 \u2013 not confident, to \u20186\u2019 \u2013 very confident.<\/p>\n<h3>Findings consider differences in walking style of males and females<\/h3>\n<p>In addition to determining that attractiveness and confidence relate both to the shape and walking motion of animated characters, as noted, the researchers also discovered something about sexual dimorphism in walking style \u2013 that is, the difference in walking style between males and females.<\/p>\n<p>They found that sexual dimorphism in walking style seems to play a different role in attributing biological and personality traits to male and female virtual characters.<\/p>\n<p>More specifically, they determined that sexual dimorphism in walking was more important for female attractiveness, whereas increased vertical motion was important for male attractiveness. Interestingly, the opposite was true for perceived confidence.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThese results are important to consider in applications using animated virtual characters because inferences made from the character\u2019s appearance and motion could influence the user\u2019s behaviour,\u201d Thaler says.<\/p>\n<p>Thaler earned her PhD from the University of T\u00fcbingen in 2019. Her dissertation examined self-body perception in ecologically valid scenarios using VR and novel computer graphics methods for generating realistic biometric body models. In the BioMotionLab at York, she works on projects investigating body and space perception in VR.<\/p>\n<p>To read the article, visit the <a href=\"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/stamp\/stamp.jsp?tp=&amp;arnumber=9090610\">conference website<\/a>. For more on the BioMotionLab, visit the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.biomotionlab.ca\/\">website<\/a>. To learn more about Troje, visit his <a href=\"https:\/\/biology.gradstudies.yorku.ca\/faculty\/n-troje\/\">profile page<\/a>. To read more about Thaler, read her bio on the BioMotionLab <a href=\"https:\/\/www.biomotionlab.ca\/anne-thaler\/\">website<\/a> or visit her <a href=\"https:\/\/annethaler.com\/\">website.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>To learn more about Research &amp; Innovation at York, follow us at <a href=\"https:\/\/twitter.com\/YUResearch\">@YUResearch<\/a>; watch our new <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=G5ldMOFmlZM&amp;list=PLE7AE62D4FD0E0AEB&amp;index=2&amp;t=0s\">animated video<\/a>, which profiles current research strengths and areas of opportunity, such as Artificial Intelligence and Indigenous futurities; and see the snapshot infographic, a glimpse of the year\u2019s successes.<\/p>\n<p><em>By Megan Mueller, senior manager, Research Communications, Office of the Vice-President Research &amp; Innovation, York University, <\/em><em><a href=\"mailto:muellerm@yorku.ca\">muellerm@yorku.ca<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A post-doctoral fellow joined the BioMotionLab two years ago and continued some compelling work on the perception of realistic virtual characters. She recently wrote a conference paper on attractiveness and confidence in walking style of these virtual characters - an original contribution in a cutting-edge field.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":287460,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"yfileauthor":[204],"qualifier":[],"yfile-author":[],"tags-to-show":[154],"workflow":[],"class_list":["post-287434","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized","yfileauthor-yfilestaff","tags-to-show-research"],"acf":{"internal_publish_date":null,"original_image":null},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Trailblazing research examines virtual characters and walking style - YFile<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/yfile\/2021\/05\/06\/trailblazing-research-examines-virtual-characters-and-walking-style\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Trailblazing research examines virtual characters and walking style - YFile\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"A post-doctoral fellow joined the BioMotionLab two years ago and continued some compelling work on the perception of realistic virtual characters. 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