Toward generating a large-scale IoT-Zwave intrusion detection dataset: Smart device profiling, intruders behavior, and traffic characterization
This article introduces BCCC-IoT-IDS-Zwave-2025, the most extensive and diverse IoT smart home dataset to date, developed over five months using a large-scale testbed comprising more than 50 IoT devices and encompassing over 80 distinct attack scenarios. Unlike prior datasets that focus primarily on IP network-layer traffic, our dataset integrates multi-source data, including IP-based network traffic, IoT-Zwave communication signals, device activity, and MQTT-based traffic and logs, with attack scenarios specifically designed for each data source, enabling a holistic view of IoT threats. To further enhance IoT threat analysis, we developed IoT-ZwaveNetLyzer, the first dedicated traffic analyzer for Z-Wave networks, addressing the gap left by traditional PC-focused tools. Extensive experimental evaluations demonstrate the dataset’s effectiveness, with state-of-the-art classifiers achieving an average detection accuracy exceeding 95% and a false positive rate as low as 2.2% on average, establishing BCCC-IoT-IDS-Zwave-2025 as a cornerstone for future IoT security research and the development of advanced detection methodologies.