“Student performance covering a specific course topic subsequently reinforced by a JITT exercise was found to be measurably higher (>9%) than a control group who did not receive the JITT review...The improvements after using JITT exercises included a higher median and 3rd quartile scores, so JITT may be beneficial to mid-performing students. Overall, student feedback on the JITT reviews showed that over 85% of the students thought the JITT exercises were helpful for engagement and a good use of class time.” (p.1)

Liberatore, M., Morrish, R., & Vestal, C. (2017). Effectiveness of Just in Time Teaching on Student Achievement in an Introductory Thermodynamics Course. Advances in Engineering Education, 6(1), 1-15.